{"id":12325,"date":"2025-05-22T10:02:24","date_gmt":"2025-05-22T08:02:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alivitpharm.djole.dog\/?page_id=12325"},"modified":"2025-05-23T08:30:44","modified_gmt":"2025-05-23T06:30:44","slug":"fig-tree","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/alivitpharm.djole.dog\/sq\/fig-tree\/","title":{"rendered":"Pema e fikut"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Pema e fikut<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ficus carica L. – Moraceae<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Pema\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Fiku i zakonsh\u00ebm<\/strong>, Ficus carica<\/em>, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb pem\u00eb gjether\u00ebn\u00ebse e njohur p\u00ebr gjethet e saj t\u00eb m\u00ebdha e aromatike, lulet e saj komplekse e t\u00eb fshehura dhe frutat l\u00ebngshme. \u00cbsht\u00eb kultivuar n\u00eb Mesdhe, Lindjen e Mesme dhe Azin\u00eb Per\u00ebndimore q\u00eb nga koh\u00ebrat e lashta dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga pem\u00ebt frutore t\u00eb kultivuara m\u00eb her\u00ebt. Sot, kultivimi i tij \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrhapur n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn dhe pem\u00ebt e fikut mund t\u00eb gjenden n\u00eb Turqi, Spanj\u00eb, Greqi, Itali, Brazil, Kaliforni dhe vende t\u00eb tjera ku mbizot\u00ebrojn\u00eb dimra t\u00eb but\u00eb dhe vera t\u00eb nxehta e t\u00eb thata. Frutat e fikut konsumohen t\u00eb fresk\u00ebta, t\u00eb thata dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuara.<\/p>

Fiqt\u00eb e fresk\u00ebt dhe t\u00eb thar\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb vlera t\u00eb pasura ushqyese p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes s\u00eb tyre t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb mineraleve, yndyrnave, sheqernave, fibrave dhe komponimeve fenolike. Fruti, rr\u00ebnja dhe gjethet p\u00ebrdoren tradicionalisht n\u00eb trajtimin e \u00e7rregullimeve gastrointestinale, t\u00eb frym\u00ebmarrjes dhe kardiovaskulare, dhe fiqt\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen n\u00eb shum\u00eb farmakope dhe udh\u00ebzues terapeutik\u00eb (Mawa et al., 2013). Gjethet e fikut p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebrje t\u00eb pasur aromatike. Komponimet organike zhvillohen n\u00eb gjethe gjat\u00eb pjekjes dhe ndikojn\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm n\u00eb cil\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrb\u00ebrjen e arom\u00ebs. Komponimet kimike t\u00eb identifikuara n\u00eb ekstraktin e gjethes s\u00eb Ficus carica<\/em> jan\u00eb: komponimet fenolike, flavonoidet (flavonolet, flavonet dhe antocianinat), sterolet, komponimet organike (monoterpenet, seskuiterpenet, ketonet, alkoolet, esteret), kumarinat, glikozidet, alkaloidet dhe sapononinat (Nebedum et al., 2010). Sipas El-Shobaka et al. (2010) Gjethet e Ficus carica<\/em> p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb 82,20% lag\u00ebshti, 0,65% hi, 1% proteina, 1,55% fibra dhe 12,90% karbohidrate. Gjethja p\u00ebrmban nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtje m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb totale t\u00eb flavonoideve (275 mg 100 g -1) krahasuar me frutin e fikut t\u00eb pjekur (82 mg 100 g -1). P\u00ebrmbajtja totale e polifenoleve (32 mg 100 g -1) nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e ndryshme nga p\u00ebrmbajtja totale e polifenoleve n\u00eb frutin e nj\u00eb fiku t\u00eb pjekur (40 mg 100 g -1). Ndryshime t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme n\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjen totale t\u00eb fenolit u vun\u00eb re gjat\u00eb pjekjes s\u00eb gjethes.<\/p>

P\u00ebrmbajtja e fenolit dhe aktiviteti antioksidues rriten me maturimin. P\u00ebrqindja e polifenoleve \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e lart\u00eb se ajo n\u00eb ver\u00ebn e kuqe dhe \u00e7ajin, prandaj gjethet e Ficus carica<\/em> kan\u00eb nj\u00eb aktivitet m\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb antioksidues (Li et al., 2021). Rezultatet e p\u00ebrb\u00ebrjes minerale tregojn\u00eb pranin\u00eb e element\u00ebve minerale thelb\u00ebsor\u00eb: Na, K, Zn, Fe, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, Mn, Ca, Mg, Cd (Khan et al., 2012), dhe vitaminave C dhe E (Ghazi et al., 2012).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Studime t\u00eb shumta kan\u00eb v\u00ebrtetuar efektet hipoglicemike, antioksiduese, anti-inflamatore, renoprotektive dhe hepatoprotektive t\u00eb ekstraktit t\u00eb gjethes s\u00eb Ficus carica<\/em> (Li et al., 2021).<\/span><\/span> Stephen Irudayara et al.<\/span><\/span> (2017) demonstruan nj\u00eb efekt t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm t\u00eb ekstraktit t\u00eb acetatit etil t\u00eb gjetheve t\u00eb Ficus carica<\/em> n\u00eb enzimat metabolike t\u00eb karbohidrateve me aktivitete premtuese hipoglicemike dhe hipolipidemike te minjt\u00eb me diabet t\u00eb tipit 2. K\u00ebshtu, ata konfirmuan efektin pozitiv t\u00eb \u00e7ajit t\u00eb gjethes s\u00eb Ficus carica<\/em> n\u00eb parandalimin e diabetit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb mjek\u00ebsin\u00eb tradicionale.<\/span><\/span><\/p>

Fiku p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr t\u00eb trajtuar s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb ndryshme si anemia, kanceri, diabeti, lebra, s\u00ebmundjet e m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb, paraliza, s\u00ebmundjet e l\u00ebkur\u00ebs dhe ulcerat.<\/span><\/span> \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kandidat premtues n\u00eb biologjin\u00eb farmaceutike p\u00ebr zhvillimin\/formulimin e barnave t\u00eb reja dhe p\u00ebrdorimin klinik n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen.<\/span><\/span><\/p>

Fiqt\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren n\u00eb mjek\u00ebsin\u00eb tradicionale p\u00ebr nj\u00eb gam\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb s\u00ebmundjesh q\u00eb lidhen me sistemet tret\u00ebse, endokrine, riprodhuese dhe t\u00eb frym\u00ebmarrjes.<\/span><\/span> P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, p\u00ebrdoret edhe p\u00ebr infeksione t\u00eb traktit gastrointestinal dhe t\u00eb traktit urinar.<\/span><\/span><\/p>

Leishmanioza \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebmundje infektive e shkaktuar nga parazit\u00ebt e gjinis\u00eb Leishmania<\/em>.<\/span><\/span> Kjo s\u00ebmundje transmetohet nga pickimet e insekteve, kryesisht mushkonjave. Leishmanioza mund t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb forma t\u00eb ndryshme s\u00ebmundjesh tek njer\u00ebzit, var\u00ebsisht nga lloji i parazitit dhe p\u00ebrgjigja imune e strehuesit.<\/span><\/span> Leishmanioza \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga gjasht\u00eb s\u00ebmundjet kryesore tropikale.<\/span><\/span> Q\u00ebllimi i studimit ishte t\u00eb shqyrtonte efektin e ekstrakteve t\u00eb ullirit dhe fikut kund\u00ebr Leishmania major<\/em> n\u00eb modelet eksperimentale in vitro dhe in vivo.<\/span><\/span> Testet in vitro, ekstraktet e ullirit dhe fikut ishin efektive kund\u00ebr L. major<\/em> pas 48 or\u00ebsh.<\/span><\/span> P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, madh\u00ebsia e lezionit dhe ngarkesa e parazit\u00ebve n\u00eb minjt\u00eb e infektuar me L. major<\/em> are<\/span><\/span> u testuan gjithashtu n\u00eb kushte in vivo.<\/span><\/span> Rezultatet treguan se ekstraktet e O. Europaea<\/em> (ullinj) dhe F. Carica<\/em> (fiq) tregojn\u00eb aktivitet t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm kund\u00ebr L. major<\/em>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Referencat<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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